RAG with Vector Index in 26ai

 Updating my previous demo that was in 23ai  to run in  Oracle AI Database 26ai with two enhancements :

vector_memory_size  set to 512MB   (yes, this is a very small on-premises Free 26ai image)

INMEMORY NEIGHBOR GRAPH Index using Hierarchical Navigable Small World (HNSW)

[oracle@localhost ~]$ sqlplus vector_demo/vector_demo

SQL*Plus: Release 23.26.0.0.0 - Production on Sun Nov 16 09:37:39 2025
Version 23.26.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2025, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Last Successful login time: Sun Nov 16 2025 09:32:43 +00:00

Connected to:
Oracle AI Database 26ai Free Release 23.26.0.0.0 - Develop, Learn, and Run for Free
Version 23.26.0.0.0

SQL> set echo on
SQL> !ls *sql
Create_Vector_Index.sql  Query_Vectors.sql

SQL> @Create_Vector_Index.sql
SQL> CREATE VECTOR INDEX my_data_vectors_ndx ON my_data_vectors (sentence_vector)
  2    ORGANIZATION INMEMORY NEIGHBOR GRAPH
  3    DISTANCE COSINE
  4    WITH TARGET ACCURACY 95
  5  /

Index created.

SQL> show parameter vector_memory

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
vector_memory_size                   big integer 512M
SQL> @Query_Vectors.sql
SQL> set pages600
SQL> set linesize 156
SQL> col my_sentence format a148 wrap
SQL>
SQL> ACCEPT text_input CHAR PROMPT 'Enter your query : '
Enter your query : image processing
SQL> VARIABLE text_variable VARCHAR2(1000)
SQL> VARIABLE query_vector VECTOR
SQL> BEGIN
  2    :text_variable := '&text_input';
  3    SELECT vector_embedding(ALL_MINILM_L12_V2_AUGMENTED USING  :text_variable as data) into :query_vector;
  4  END;
  5  /
old   2:   :text_variable := '&text_input';
new   2:   :text_variable := 'image processing';

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL>
SQL>
SQL> SELECT my_sentence, vector_distance(sentence_vector , :query_vector, COSINE) as Calc_Vector_Distance
  2  FROM my_data_vectors
  3  ORDER BY 2
  4  FETCH FIRST 3 ROWS ONLY;

MY_SENTENCE
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CALC_VECTOR_DISTANCE
--------------------
      VanceAI.com   image enhancement
           5.16E-001

      Stable Diffusion: An open source model that generates high quality images from text or other images, offering customization and control
           5.51E-001

      Hotpot.ai   AI image editing
          6.109E-001


SQL>
SQL> SELECT my_sentence, vector_distance(sentence_vector , :query_vector, COSINE) as Calc_Vector_Distance
  2  FROM my_data_vectors
  3  ORDER BY 2
  4  FETCH APPROX FIRST 3 ROWS ONLY;

MY_SENTENCE
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
CALC_VECTOR_DISTANCE
--------------------
      VanceAI.com   image enhancement
           5.16E-001

      Stable Diffusion: An open source model that generates high quality images from text or other images, offering customization and control
           5.51E-001

      Hotpot.ai   AI image editing
          6.109E-001


SQL>

SQL> select * from dbms_xplan.display_cursor();

PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SQL_ID  1z2ujsrc9xsb0, child number 0
-------------------------------------
SELECT my_sentence, vector_distance(sentence_vector , :query_vector,
COSINE) as Calc_Vector_Distance FROM my_data_vectors ORDER BY 2 FETCH
APPROX FIRST 3 ROWS ONLY

Plan hash value: 3894957757

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                      | Name                | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT               |                     |       |       |     2 (100)|          |
|*  1 |  COUNT STOPKEY                 |                     |       |       |            |          |
|   2 |   VIEW                         |                     |     3 |  6024 |     2  (50)| 00:00:01 |
|*  3 |    SORT ORDER BY STOPKEY       |                     |     3 |  4938 |     2  (50)| 00:00:01 |
|   4 |     TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| MY_DATA_VECTORS     |     3 |  4938 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |
|   5 |      VECTOR INDEX HNSW SCAN    | MY_DATA_VECTORS_NDX |     3 |  4938 |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------

   1 - filter(ROWNUM<=3)
   3 - filter(ROWNUM<=3)


25 rows selected.

SQL>

Here I demonstrate querying  the same set of 130 sentences about AI as in the previous demo, but now with a Vector Index configured as an In-Memory Neighbour Vector Graph Index and a Target Accuracy of 95% based on COSINE Distance.

My next run would be with a much larger data set (instead of just 130 sentences)

Incremental Backups of a Standby Database

 In response to a comment on a previous Blog Post RMAN Backup of a Standby Database, I show incremental Backups as well below

RMAN> backup as compressed backupset incremental level 0 database;
backup as compressed backupset incremental level 0 database;
Starting backup at 07-NOV-25
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=219 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16dxho8_.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_n16dxhob_.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_n16dxhom_.dbf
input datafile file number=00009 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs2_n16dxhon_.dbf
input datafile file number=00007 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_users_n16dxhoo_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
piece handle=/Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20251107T055853_njv2nxdx_.bkp tag=TAG20251107T055853 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:15
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00010 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16dz6sq_.dbf
input datafile file number=00011 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_n16dz6sr_.dbf
input datafile file number=00012 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_n16dz6t1_.dbf
input datafile file number=00013 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/datafile/o1_mf_undo_2_n16dz6t2_.dbf
input datafile file number=00014 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/datafile/o1_mf_users_n16dz6tc_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
piece handle=/Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20251107T055853_njv2q8kr_.bkp tag=TAG20251107T055853 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00060 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/PRDAPPTST/data_D-RACDB_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-60.dbf
input datafile file number=00061 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/PRDAPPTST/data_D-RACDB_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-61.dbf
input datafile file number=00062 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/PRDAPPTST/data_D-RACDB_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-62.dbf
input datafile file number=00063 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/PRDAPPTST/data_D-RACDB_TS-UNDO_2_FNO-63.dbf
input datafile file number=00064 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/PRDAPPTST/data_D-RACDB_TS-USERS_FNO-64.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
piece handle=/Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/38AE431466FE1FDBE0635A38A8C085D8/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20251107T055853_njv2rzo7_.bkp tag=TAG20251107T055853 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 0 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00005 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/14769E258FBB5FD8E0635A38A8C09D43/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16f20wr_.dbf
input datafile file number=00006 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/14769E258FBB5FD8E0635A38A8C09D43/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_n16f20x3_.dbf
input datafile file number=00008 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/14769E258FBB5FD8E0635A38A8C09D43/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_n16f20xg_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
piece handle=/Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/14769E258FBB5FD8E0635A38A8C09D43/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20251107T055853_njv2tprh_.bkp tag=TAG20251107T055853 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:55
Finished backup at 07-NOV-25

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 07-NOV-25
piece handle=/Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/autobackup/2025_11_07/o1_mf_s_1216533563_njv2wg2k_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 07-NOV-25


RMAN>
RMAN> exit
exit

RMAN Client Diagnostic Trace file : /u01/app/oracle/diag/clients/user_oracle/host_4144547424_110/trace/ora_2133_140607082957312.trc

Recovery Manager complete.
[oracle@stdby trace]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Fri Nov 7 06:04:10 2025
Version 19.25.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2024, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.25.0.0.0

SQL> set pages600 linesize 132
SQL> select database_role, open_mode from v$database
  2  /

DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE
---------------- --------------------
PHYSICAL STANDBY MOUNTED

SQL>
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.25.0.0.0
[oracle@stdby trace]$ 

[oracle@stdby trace]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Fri Nov 7 06:04:55 2025
Version 19.25.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: RACDB (DBID=1162136313, not open)

RMAN> list backup of datafile 1;
list backup of datafile 1;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

List of Backup Sets
===================


BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
320     Incr 0  1.08G      DISK        00:01:10     07-NOV-25
        BP Key: 320   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20251107T055853
        Piece Name: /Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20251107T055853_njv2nxdx_.bkp
  List of Datafiles in backup set 320
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Abs Fuz SCN Sparse Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----------- ------ ----
  1    0  Incr 13423959   07-NOV-25              NO    /Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16dxho8_.dbf


RMAN>
RMAN> select current_scn from v$database;
select current_scn from v$database;
CURRENT_SCN
-----------
   13442704


RMAN>

[oracle@stdby trace]$ sqlplus / as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Fri Nov 7 06:07:11 2025
Version 19.25.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2024, Oracle.  All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.25.0.0.0

SQL> select current_scn, database_role, open_mode from v$database;

CURRENT_SCN DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE
----------- ---------------- --------------------
   13442704 PHYSICAL STANDBY MOUNTED

SQL> /

CURRENT_SCN DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE
----------- ---------------- --------------------
   13443585 PHYSICAL STANDBY MOUNTED

SQL>


SQL> SQL> l
  1* select current_scn, database_role, open_mode from v$database
SQL> /

CURRENT_SCN DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE
----------- ---------------- --------------------
   13443585 PHYSICAL STANDBY MOUNTED

SQL> /

CURRENT_SCN DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE
----------- ---------------- --------------------
   13449819 PHYSICAL STANDBY MOUNTED

SQL> /

CURRENT_SCN DATABASE_ROLE    OPEN_MODE
----------- ---------------- --------------------
   13449819 PHYSICAL STANDBY MOUNTED

SQL>


[oracle@stdby trace]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Fri Nov 7 06:10:58 2025
Version 19.25.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: RACDB (DBID=1162136313, not open)

RMAN> backup as compressed backupset incremental level 1 database;
backup as compressed backupset incremental level 1 database;
Starting backup at 07-NOV-25
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=219 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16dxho8_.dbf
input datafile file number=00003 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_n16dxhob_.dbf
input datafile file number=00004 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_n16dxhom_.dbf
input datafile file number=00009 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs2_n16dxhon_.dbf
input datafile file number=00007 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_users_n16dxhoo_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
piece handle=/Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20251107T061125_njv3dg1n_.bkp tag=TAG20251107T061125 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00010 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16dz6sq_.dbf
input datafile file number=00011 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_n16dz6sr_.dbf
input datafile file number=00012 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_n16dz6t1_.dbf
input datafile file number=00013 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/datafile/o1_mf_undo_2_n16dz6t2_.dbf
input datafile file number=00014 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/datafile/o1_mf_users_n16dz6tc_.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
piece handle=/Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/1476C653214704CFE0635A38A8C08494/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20251107T061125_njv3do5w_.bkp tag=TAG20251107T061125 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:07
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00060 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/PRDAPPTST/data_D-RACDB_TS-SYSTEM_FNO-60.dbf
input datafile file number=00061 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/PRDAPPTST/data_D-RACDB_TS-SYSAUX_FNO-61.dbf
input datafile file number=00062 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/PRDAPPTST/data_D-RACDB_TS-UNDOTBS1_FNO-62.dbf
input datafile file number=00063 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/PRDAPPTST/data_D-RACDB_TS-UNDO_2_FNO-63.dbf
input datafile file number=00064 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/PRDAPPTST/data_D-RACDB_TS-USERS_FNO-64.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 07-NOV-25
piece handle=/Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/38AE431466FE1FDBE0635A38A8C085D8/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20251107T061125_njv3dw8p_.bkp tag=TAG20251107T061125 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed incremental level 1 datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
input datafile file number=00005 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/14769E258FBB5FD8E0635A38A8C09D43/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16f20wr_.dbf
skipping datafile 00005 because it has not changed
input datafile file number=00006 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/14769E258FBB5FD8E0635A38A8C09D43/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_n16f20x3_.dbf
skipping datafile 00006 because it has not changed
input datafile file number=00008 name=/Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/14769E258FBB5FD8E0635A38A8C09D43/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_n16f20xg_.dbf
skipping datafile 00008 because it has not changed
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup cancelled because all files were skipped
Finished backup at 07-NOV-25

Starting Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 07-NOV-25
piece handle=/Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/autobackup/2025_11_07/o1_mf_s_1216534110_njv3dzjt_.bkp comment=NONE
Finished Control File and SPFILE Autobackup at 07-NOV-25


RMAN>

RMAN> list backup of datafile 1;
list backup of datafile 1;

List of Backup Sets
===================


BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
320     Incr 0  1.08G      DISK        00:01:10     07-NOV-25
        BP Key: 320   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20251107T055853
        Piece Name: /Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20251107T055853_njv2nxdx_.bkp
  List of Datafiles in backup set 320
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Abs Fuz SCN Sparse Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----------- ------ ----
  1    0  Incr 13423959   07-NOV-25              NO    /Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16dxho8_.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
325     Incr 1  2.93M      DISK        00:00:05     07-NOV-25
        BP Key: 325   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20251107T061125
        Piece Name: /Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20251107T061125_njv3dg1n_.bkp
  List of Datafiles in backup set 325
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time  Abs Fuz SCN Sparse Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----------- ------ ----
  1    1  Incr 13449820   07-NOV-25              NO    /Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16dxho8_.dbf


RMAN>

RMAN> exit
exit


Recovery Manager complete.
[oracle@stdby trace]$ export NLS_DATE_FORMAT=DD_MON_RR_HH24_MI
[oracle@stdby trace]$ rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Fri Nov 7 06:15:24 2025
Version 19.25.0.0.0

Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database: RACDB (DBID=1162136313, not open)

RMAN> list backup of datafile 1;
list backup of datafile 1;
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog

List of Backup Sets
===================


BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
320     Incr 0  1.08G      DISK        00:01:10     07_NOV_25_06_00
        BP Key: 320   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20251107T055853
        Piece Name: /Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd0_TAG20251107T055853_njv2nxdx_.bkp
  List of Datafiles in backup set 320
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time        Abs Fuz SCN Sparse Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------------- ----------- ------ ----
  1    0  Incr 13423959   07_NOV_25_05_56              NO    /Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16dxho8_.dbf

BS Key  Type LV Size       Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
325     Incr 1  2.93M      DISK        00:00:05     07_NOV_25_06_11
        BP Key: 325   Status: AVAILABLE  Compressed: YES  Tag: TAG20251107T061125
        Piece Name: /Standby_DB/FRA/STDBY/backupset/2025_11_07/o1_mf_nnnd1_TAG20251107T061125_njv3dg1n_.bkp
  List of Datafiles in backup set 325
  File LV Type Ckp SCN    Ckp Time        Abs Fuz SCN Sparse Name
  ---- -- ---- ---------- --------------- ----------- ------ ----
  1    1  Incr 13449820   07_NOV_25_06_08              NO    /Standby_DB/oradata/STDBY/datafile/o1_mf_system_n16dxho8_.dbf


RMAN>

After the Level-0 Backup I waited for some time to confirm that the SCN at the Standby had advanced.

Then, I ran an Level-1 Backup.

The final listing shows two backups of datafile 1, the first being a Level-0 backup at SCN 13423959 at 05:56 of 07-Nov and the second being a Level-1 backup at SCN 13449820 at 06:08 of 07-Nov/

Of course, I *must* backup ArchiveLogs at the Standby.

Note : Oracle's recommendation is to use an RMAN Catalog when running Database Backups.